地理学专业英语基础（自然地理）词汇表

dune aquatic infertile silt mega afforestation flocculation ebb cuspate turbidity laden sedimentation estuary lagoon riffle corkscrew thalweg transverse bend flume helicoid helicoidal sandbar eddy cavitation laminar bedload critical traction bouncing saltation fallout boulder cobblestone cobble meander bow alluvia levee bluff slip off spur interlock headward incised gutter arable bypass hydrocarbon aromatic roughness aerodynamic tarmac armour dump upstream reclamation embankment encroachment water-borne borne bank depletion overland throughflow runoff limb hydrograph lowland upland throughput disposal discharge relief regime lush deficit catchment bifurcation designate tributary drainage deranged flank scarp trellised lithology dendritic perimeter drain hydraulic canopy reservoir aquifer saturation soak retention aeration capillary infiltration trickle through interception avalanche tilt rotational slump bounce scree heave talus pediment lateritic solifluction jagged jag selva maritime boreal nivation subdued rugged stratum strata dip dislodge colluvial terrace creep eluviation regolith interfluve drainage basin hillslope transportation deposition aggradation aerial tor cement bedding joint periglacial denudation impermeable gravel moraine alluvium alluvial cavern oxidation anhydrate gypsum hydration mica quartz hydroxyl potassium silicic kaolin kaolinite feldspar orthoclase hydrolysis fracture exfoliation peeling peel diurnal angular disintegration decomposition weathering in situ andesite pumice blast parasitic composite shield conical caldera crater AA rubbly cavity glossy cindery jumble viscous pahoehoe vent seepage tremor unhygienic magnitude tsunami mudslide aftershock arc bulge fold metamorphism benioff scrape accretion pluton batholith trench buckle subduction magma dolerite dyke basalt abyssal rift valley isotherm mantle transcurrent flux seismic velocity plate asthenosphere lithosphere primary wave epicentre sima basaltic sial granite silicate peridotite tectonics