题目

AB has used market research to determine that if a price of $250 is charged for product G, demand will be 12,000 units. It has also been established that demand will rise or fall by 5 units for every $1 fall/rise in the selling price. The marginal cost of product G is $80. 

Required 

If marginal revenue = a – 2bQ when the selling price (P) = a – bQ, calculate the profit-maximising selling price for product G. 

Chapter5Pricingdecisions

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a = $250 + ((12,000/5) × $1) = $2,650 

MR = 2,650 – (2 × 0.2)Q = 2,650 – 0.4Q 

Profits are maximised when MC = MR, ie when 80 = 2,650 – 0.4Q 

2,650 – 80 = 2,570 × 10/4 = 6,425 

Profit-maximising demand = 6,425 

Now, substitute the values into the demand curve equation to find the profit-maximising selling price P = a  – bQ 

P = 2,650 – (0.2 × 6,425) 

∴Profit-maximising price = $(2,650 – 1,285)  = $1,365 

多做几道

What objectives might the following not for profit organisations have? 

(a) An army                                                (d) A political party 

(b) A local council                                     (e) A college 

(c) A charity 

One of the objectives of a local government body could be 'to provide adequate street lighting throughout the area'. 

(a) How could the 'adequacy' of street lighting be measured? 

(b) Assume that other objectives are to improve road safety in the area and to reduce crime. How much does 'adequate' street lighting contribute to each of these aims? 

(c) What is an excessive amount of money to pay for adequately lit streets, improved road safety and reduced crime? How much is too little? 

What general objectives of non profit seeking organisations are being described in each of the following? 

(a) Maximising what is offered 

(b) Satisfying the wants of staff and volunteers 

(c) Equivalent to profit maximisation 

(d) Matching capacity available 

A division with capital employed of $400,000 currently earns an ROI of 22%. It can make an additional investment of $50,000 for a five year life with nil residual value. The average net profit from this investment would be $12,000 after depreciation. The division's cost of capital is 14%. 

What are the residual incomes before and after the investment? 

The transfer pricing system operated by a divisional company has the potential to make a significant contribution towards the achievement of corporate financial objectives. 

Required 

Explain the potential benefits of operating a transfer pricing system within a divisionalised company. 

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