题目

 Tree Co is considering employing a sales manager. Market research has shown that a good sales manager can increase profit by 30%, an average one by 20% and a poor one by 10%. Experience has shown that the company has attracted a good sales manager 35% of the time, an average one 45% of the time and a poor one 20% of the time. The company’s normal profits are $180,000 per annum and the sales manager’s salary would be $40,000 per annum. 

Based on the expected value criterion, which of the following represents the correct advice which Tree Co should be given? 

A

 Do not employ a sales manager as profits would be expected to fall by $1,300 

B

 Employ a sales manager as profits will increase by $38,700 

C

 Employ a sales manager as profits are expected to increase by $100 

D

 Do not employ a sales manager as profits are expected to fall by $39,900 

Chapter7Riskanduncertainty

New profit figures before salary paid: 

Good manager: $180,000 × 1.3 = $234,000 Average manager: $180,000 × 1.2 = $216,000 

Poor: $180,000 x 1.1 = $198,000 

EV of profits = (0.35 × $234,000) + (0.45 × $216,000) + (0.2 × $198,000) = $81,900 + $97,200 + $39,600 = $218,700  

Deduct salary cost and EV with manager = $178,700

 Therefore do not employ manager as profits will fall by $1,300. 

多做几道

 A government is trying to assess schools by using a range of financial and non-financial factors. One of the chosen methods is the percentage of students passing five exams or more. 

Which of the three Es in the value for money framework is being measured here? 

A

 Economy 

B

 Efficiency 

C

 Effectiveness 

D

 Expertise 

The following statements have been made about measuring performance in not-for-profit organisations: 

(1) Output does not usually have a market value, and it is therefore more difficult to measure effectiveness. 

(2) Control over the performance can only be satisfactorily achieved by assessments of ‘value for money’. 

Which of the above statements is/are true? 

A

 (1) only 

B

 (2) only 

C

 Neither (1) nor (2) 

D

 Both (1) and (2) 

The senior manager is suspicious of a local manager’s accounts and thinks that the profit performance may have been overstated.    

Which of the following would be a plausible explanation of an overstatement of profit? 

A

 Delaying payments to payables 

B

 Shortening the useful economic life of a non-current asset 

C

Overstatement of a prepayment 

D

Overstatement of an accrual 

Which of the following statements regarding standard setting is correct? 

A

 Imposed standards are more likely to be achieved 

B

Managers across the organisation should be targeted using the same standards 

C

Standards should be set at an ideal level with no built in stretch 

D

 Participation in standard setting is more motivating than where standards are imposed 

When setting performance measurement targets it should be considered that there is the possibility that managers will take a short term view of the company and may even be tempted to manipulate results in order to achieve their targets.   

Which of the following would assist in overcoming the problems of short-termism and manipulation of results? 

A

 Rewards should be linked to a wider variety of performance measures including some nonfinancial measures 

B

 Managers should only be rewarded for the results achieved in their own departments 

C

 Any capital investment decision should be judged using the payback method of investment appraisal 

D

 Setting targets involving the overall performance of the company will be more motivating for managers 

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